Ukraine

For Ukrainians moving to or currently residing in Spain in 2026, the legal framework is centered on the Temporary Protection status, which has been extended to provide stability amidst the ongoing conflict.

1. Temporary Protection Status

The European Union and the Spanish government have extended the Temporary Protection regime for displaced persons from Ukraine until March 4, 2027.

• Automatic Extension: If you already hold a Foreign Identity Card (TIE) as a beneficiary of temporary protection, its validity is automatically extended until March 4, 2027. You do not need to apply for a new card, even if the physical card displays an earlier expiration date.

• Rights Included: This status grants you the right to reside in Spain, work legally (either as an employee or self-employed/autónomo), and access public services such as healthcare and schooling for children.

2. Working in Spain

You do not need a separate work permit. Your temporary protection status provides full authorization to work in any sector.

• For Employees: When starting a job, your employer will register you with the Spanish Social Security system using your NIE (Foreigner Identity Number). Ensure your NIE is active in the Social Security records (TGSS) to facilitate payroll.

• For Self-Employed (Autónomo): You can register as a sole proprietor. This allows you to build an economic track record in Spain, which may be helpful for future residency applications.

3. Planning for the Future

Because Temporary Protection is inherently a temporary measure, it is advisable to consider long-term options.

• Transitioning Status: While a general “pathway” to switch from temporary protection to ordinary residency is not yet fully regulated, the Spanish government is working on frameworks to allow for this transition as the 2027 deadline approaches.

• Alternative Permits: If you are highly qualified, you may eventually look into options like the EU Blue Card or Highly Qualified Professionals permits, which are expected to become more accessible for those transitioning from temporary protection.

4. Travel and Documentation

• Returning to Ukraine: You may travel to Ukraine for short visits without losing your temporary protection status in Spain. However, if you decide to return to Ukraine permanently, you must formally notify the National Police (Comisaría de Policía Nacional) to surrender your temporary protection.

• Entry Requirements: If you are arriving in Spain for the first time, you may enter with a biometric passport. If you lack travel documents, you should contact the Ukrainian consular authorities in a country bordering Ukraine.

5. Essential Administrative Tips

• Empadronamiento: Register your address at your local town hall (Ayuntamiento). This is a foundational step for accessing local services.

• NIE: This is your primary identification for all legal, tax, and social security matters. Keep your TIE card safe, as it remains your official proof of residency.

• Seek Advice: Immigration rules and transition paths can be complex. For specific legal advice regarding your situation, consider consulting with professionals who specialize in Spanish immigration law for Ukrainians.

Disclaimer: Immigration regulations are subject to change. Please verify the latest updates on the official website of the Spanish Ministry of Inclusion, Social Security, and Migration or via your local police station.